GJ 411 b
GJ 411 b is a super-Earth orbiting GJ 411 in the constellation Ursa Major. It lies about 19 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2019 using the radial velocity method.
Is GJ 411 b in the Habitable Zone?
GJ 411 b orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of GJ 411. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of GJ 411: 0.124–0.320 AU (conservative: 0.158–0.303 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Orbit and Year Length
A year on GJ 411 b — one full orbit around GJ 411 — lasts 12.9 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.079 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is mildly elliptical (eccentricity 0.06).
How Was GJ 411 b Discovered?
GJ 411 b was discovered in 2019 using the radial velocity method, with observations from Haute-Provence Observatory.
The radial velocity method measures the subtle wobble of a star caused by the gravitational pull of an orbiting planet, visible as periodic shifts in the star's light spectrum. The size of the wobble reveals the planet's minimum mass.
How Far Away Is GJ 411 b?
GJ 411 b is 18.5 light-years (5.7 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet around the year 2008. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 325,600 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. GJ 411 b scores 0.61, ranking #124 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: GJ 411
GJ 411
- Surface temperature
- 3,719 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 0.39 M☉
- Radius
- 0.37 R☉
- Age
- 8.0 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
The GJ 411 Planetary System
GJ 411 b is one of 2 known planets in the GJ 411 system. Its siblings:
- HD 95735 c (Neptune-like)
GJ 411 b — Complete Data
| Mass (best estimate) | 2.69 Earth masses |
|---|---|
| Orbital period | 12.94 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.079 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.063 |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.61 |
| Distance from Earth | 18.5 light-years (5.7 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Ursa Major |
| Discovery method | Radial Velocity |
| Discovery facility | Haute-Provence Observatory |
| Discovery year | 2019 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2022-05-24. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About GJ 411 b
Is GJ 411 b habitable?
No — GJ 411 b orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is GJ 411 b?
GJ 411 b is about 19 light-years from Earth in the constellation Ursa Major. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 325,600 years to get there.
How long is a year on GJ 411 b?
One orbit around GJ 411 takes 12.9 Earth days — short enough that 28 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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