Kepler-1052 c
Kepler-1052 c is a mini-Neptune orbiting Kepler-1052 in the constellation Cygnus. It lies about 3,077 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2023 using the transit method.
How Big Is Kepler-1052 c?
Kepler-1052 c has a radius of 2.30 times that of Earth.
Is Kepler-1052 c in the Habitable Zone?
Kepler-1052 c orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of Kepler-1052. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of Kepler-1052: 0.797–1.873 AU (conservative: 1.010–1.776 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on Kepler-1052 c
The equilibrium temperature of Kepler-1052 c is about 302 K (29 °C) — in a range broadly comparable to Earth, whose equilibrium temperature is 255 K. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 1.96 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on Kepler-1052 c — one full orbit around Kepler-1052 — lasts 180.9 Earth days, between the years of Mercury (88 days) and Earth (365 days). It orbits at an average distance of 0.614 AU — comparable to the inner Solar System.
How Was Kepler-1052 c Discovered?
Kepler-1052 c was discovered in 2023 using the transit method, with observations from Kepler.
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is Kepler-1052 c?
Kepler-1052 c is 3,077.1 light-years (943.4 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet about 3,077 years ago. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 54,156,960 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. Kepler-1052 c scores 0.60, ranking #134 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: Kepler-1052
Kepler-1052
- Surface temperature
- 5,888 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 1.03 M☉
- Radius
- 1.03 R☉
- Age
- 3.6 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
The Kepler-1052 Planetary System
Kepler-1052 c is one of 2 known planets in the Kepler-1052 system. Its siblings:
- Kepler-1052 b (Mini Neptune)
Kepler-1052 c — Complete Data
| Radius | 2.300 Earth radii (0.205 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Orbital period | 180.92 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.614 AU |
| Equilibrium temperature | 302 K (29 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 1.96× Earth |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.60 |
| Distance from Earth | 3,077.1 light-years (943.4 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Cygnus |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Kepler |
| Discovery year | 2023 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2017-05-08. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About Kepler-1052 c
Is Kepler-1052 c habitable?
No — Kepler-1052 c orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is Kepler-1052 c?
Kepler-1052 c is about 3,077 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 54,156,960 years to get there.
How big is Kepler-1052 c compared to Earth?
Kepler-1052 c has 2.30 times the radius of Earth.
How long is a year on Kepler-1052 c?
One orbit around Kepler-1052 takes 180.9 Earth days.
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