Kepler-435 b
Kepler-435 b is a hot Jupiter orbiting Kepler-435 in the constellation Cygnus. It lies about 4,627 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2015 using the transit method.
How Big Is Kepler-435 b?
Kepler-435 b has a radius of 22.31 times that of Earth, or 1.99 times the radius of Jupiter. Its mass is 267 times that of Earth, giving it a density of 0.13 g/cm³ — closer to gas planets like Jupiter (1.33 g/cm³).
Is Kepler-435 b in the Habitable Zone?
Kepler-435 b orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of Kepler-435. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of Kepler-435: 2.690–6.281 AU (conservative: 3.407–5.955 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on Kepler-435 b
The equilibrium temperature of Kepler-435 b is about 1,729 K (1,456 °C) — hot enough to melt many metals. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on Kepler-435 b — one full orbit around Kepler-435 — lasts 8.60 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.095 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is mildly elliptical (eccentricity 0.11).
How Was Kepler-435 b Discovered?
Kepler-435 b was discovered in 2015 using the transit method, with observations from Kepler.
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is Kepler-435 b?
Kepler-435 b is 4,627.4 light-years (1,418.8 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet about 4,627 years ago. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 81,442,240 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. Kepler-435 b scores 0.04, ranking #5,318 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: Kepler-435
Kepler-435
- Surface temperature
- 6,161 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 1.54 M☉
- Radius
- 3.21 R☉
- Luminosity
- 13.4586 L☉
- Age
- 2.3 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
Planetary System
Kepler-435 b is the only planet known to orbit Kepler-435 so far.
Kepler-435 b — Complete Data
| Radius | 22.310 Earth radii (1.990 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 266.97 Earth masses (0.840 Jupiter masses) |
| Density | 0.13 g/cm³ (Earth: 5.51) |
| Orbital period | 8.60 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.095 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.114 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 1,729 K (1,456 °C) |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.04 |
| Distance from Earth | 4,627.4 light-years (1,418.8 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Cygnus |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Kepler |
| Discovery year | 2015 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2015-01-14. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About Kepler-435 b
Is Kepler-435 b habitable?
No — Kepler-435 b orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is Kepler-435 b?
Kepler-435 b is about 4,627 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cygnus. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 81,442,240 years to get there.
How big is Kepler-435 b compared to Earth?
Kepler-435 b has 22.31 times the radius of Earth and about 267 times its mass.
How long is a year on Kepler-435 b?
One orbit around Kepler-435 takes 8.6 Earth days — short enough that 42 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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