Qatar-10 b
Qatar-10 b is a hot Jupiter orbiting the F7 V star Qatar-10 in the constellation Draco. It lies about 1,823 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2019 using the transit method.
How Big Is Qatar-10 b?
Qatar-10 b has a radius of 17.30 times that of Earth, or 1.54 times the radius of Jupiter. Its mass is 234 times that of Earth, giving it a density of 0.25 g/cm³ — closer to gas planets like Jupiter (1.33 g/cm³).
Is Qatar-10 b in the Habitable Zone?
Qatar-10 b orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of Qatar-10. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of Qatar-10: 1.037–2.424 AU (conservative: 1.314–2.298 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on Qatar-10 b
The equilibrium temperature of Qatar-10 b is about 1,955 K (1,682 °C) — hot enough to melt many metals. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on Qatar-10 b — one full orbit around Qatar-10 — lasts just 39.5 hours, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.029 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun.
How Was Qatar-10 b Discovered?
Qatar-10 b was discovered in 2019 using the transit method, with observations from Qatar.
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is Qatar-10 b?
Qatar-10 b is 1,823.4 light-years (559.1 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet about 1,823 years ago. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 32,091,840 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. Qatar-10 b scores 0.05, ranking #5,247 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: Qatar-10
Qatar-10
- Spectral type
- F7 V
- Surface temperature
- 6,124 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 1.16 M☉
- Radius
- 1.25 R☉
- Luminosity
- 1.9930 L☉
- Age
- 3.2 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
Planetary System
Qatar-10 b is the only planet known to orbit Qatar-10 so far.
Qatar-10 b — Complete Data
| Radius | 17.295 Earth radii (1.543 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 233.92 Earth masses (0.736 Jupiter masses) |
| Density | 0.25 g/cm³ (Earth: 5.51) |
| Orbital period | 1.65 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.029 AU |
| Equilibrium temperature | 1,955 K (1,682 °C) |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.05 |
| Distance from Earth | 1,823.4 light-years (559.1 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Draco |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Qatar |
| Discovery year | 2019 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2019-04-30. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About Qatar-10 b
Is Qatar-10 b habitable?
No — Qatar-10 b orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is Qatar-10 b?
Qatar-10 b is about 1,823 light-years from Earth in the constellation Draco. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 32,091,840 years to get there.
How big is Qatar-10 b compared to Earth?
Qatar-10 b has 17.30 times the radius of Earth and about 234 times its mass.
How long is a year on Qatar-10 b?
One orbit around Qatar-10 takes 1.6 Earth days — short enough that 222 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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