TOI-1052 c
TOI-1052 c is a Neptune-like planet orbiting TOI-1052 in the constellation Octans. It lies about 423 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2023 using the radial velocity method.
Is TOI-1052 c in the Habitable Zone?
TOI-1052 c orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of TOI-1052. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of TOI-1052: 1.050–2.451 AU (conservative: 1.329–2.324 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on TOI-1052 c
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-1052 c is about 719 K (446 °C) — hot enough to melt many metals. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 39.70 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-1052 c — one full orbit around TOI-1052 — lasts 35.8 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.226 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is mildly elliptical (eccentricity 0.24).
How Was TOI-1052 c Discovered?
TOI-1052 c was discovered in 2023 using the radial velocity method, with observations from Multiple Observatories.
The radial velocity method measures the subtle wobble of a star caused by the gravitational pull of an orbiting planet, visible as periodic shifts in the star's light spectrum. The size of the wobble reveals the planet's minimum mass.
How Far Away Is TOI-1052 c?
TOI-1052 c is 423.4 light-years (129.8 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet around the year 1603. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 7,451,840 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. TOI-1052 c scores 0.15, ranking #4,228 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: TOI-1052
TOI-1052
- Surface temperature
- 6,146 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 1.20 M☉
- Radius
- 1.26 R☉
- Age
- 2.3 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
The TOI-1052 Planetary System
TOI-1052 c is one of 2 known planets in the TOI-1052 system. Its siblings:
- TOI-1052 b (Super Earth)
TOI-1052 c — Complete Data
| Mass (best estimate) | 34.30 Earth masses |
|---|---|
| Orbital period | 35.81 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.226 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.237 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 719 K (446 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 39.70× Earth |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.15 |
| Distance from Earth | 423.4 light-years (129.8 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Octans |
| Discovery method | Radial Velocity |
| Discovery facility | Multiple Observatories |
| Discovery year | 2023 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2023-08-07. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-1052 c
Is TOI-1052 c habitable?
No — TOI-1052 c orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is TOI-1052 c?
TOI-1052 c is about 423 light-years from Earth in the constellation Octans. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 7,451,840 years to get there.
How long is a year on TOI-1052 c?
One orbit around TOI-1052 takes 35.8 Earth days — short enough that 10 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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