TOI-1431 b
TOI-1431 b is a hot Jupiter orbiting the Am C star TOI-1431 in the constellation Cepheus. It lies about 486 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2021 using the transit method.
How Big Is TOI-1431 b?
TOI-1431 b has a radius of 16.70 times that of Earth, or 1.49 times the radius of Jupiter. Its mass is 992 times that of Earth, giving it a density of 1.17 g/cm³ — closer to gas planets like Jupiter (1.33 g/cm³).
Is TOI-1431 b in the Habitable Zone?
The position of TOI-1431 b relative to the habitable zone of TOI-1431 cannot be precisely determined from the available orbital data.
Temperature on TOI-1431 b
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-1431 b is about 2,370 K (2,097 °C) — hot enough to melt many metals. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 5,300 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-1431 b — one full orbit around TOI-1431 — lasts 2.65 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.046 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is nearly circular (eccentricity 0.002).
How Was TOI-1431 b Discovered?
TOI-1431 b was discovered in 2021 using the transit method, with observations from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is TOI-1431 b?
TOI-1431 b is 485.7 light-years (148.9 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet around the year 1541. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 8,548,320 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. TOI-1431 b scores 0.05, ranking #5,232 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: TOI-1431
TOI-1431
- Spectral type
- Am C
- Surface temperature
- 7,690 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 1.90 M☉
- Radius
- 1.92 R☉
- Luminosity
- 11.7001 L☉
- Age
- 0.3 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
Planetary System
TOI-1431 b is the only planet known to orbit TOI-1431 so far.
TOI-1431 b — Complete Data
| Radius | 16.701 Earth radii (1.490 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 991.62 Earth masses (3.120 Jupiter masses) |
| Density | 1.17 g/cm³ (Earth: 5.51) |
| Orbital period | 2.65 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.046 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.002 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 2,370 K (2,097 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 5,300.00× Earth |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.05 |
| Distance from Earth | 485.7 light-years (148.9 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Cepheus |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) |
| Discovery year | 2021 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2021-10-11. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-1431 b
Is TOI-1431 b habitable?
TOI-1431 b is not known to orbit within the habitable zone of TOI-1431, and as a hot Jupiter it is an unlikely candidate for life as we know it.
How far away is TOI-1431 b?
TOI-1431 b is about 486 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cepheus. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 8,548,320 years to get there.
How big is TOI-1431 b compared to Earth?
TOI-1431 b has 16.70 times the radius of Earth and about 992 times its mass.
How long is a year on TOI-1431 b?
One orbit around TOI-1431 takes 2.7 Earth days — short enough that 138 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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