TOI-2015 c
TOI-2015 c is a super-Earth orbiting the M4 +/- 0.5 star TOI-2015 in the constellation Corona Borealis. It lies about 154 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2025 using the transit timing variations method.
Is TOI-2015 c in the Habitable Zone?
TOI-2015 c orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of TOI-2015. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of TOI-2015: 0.147–0.386 AU (conservative: 0.186–0.366 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on TOI-2015 c
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-2015 c is about 448 K (175 °C) — hotter than anywhere on Earth. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 6.68 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-2015 c — one full orbit around TOI-2015 — lasts 5.58 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.041 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is nearly circular (eccentricity 0.000).
How Was TOI-2015 c Discovered?
TOI-2015 c was discovered in 2025 using the transit timing variations method, with observations from Multiple Observatories.
Transit timing variations reveal a planet through its gravitational tug on a sibling planet, which makes that sibling's transits arrive slightly early or late. The pattern of these deviations betrays the hidden planet's mass and orbit.
How Far Away Is TOI-2015 c?
TOI-2015 c is 154.4 light-years (47.3 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet around the year 1872. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 2,717,440 years to make the journey.
The Host Star: TOI-2015
TOI-2015
- Spectral type
- M4 +/- 0.5
- Surface temperature
- 3,297 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 0.30 M☉
- Radius
- 0.33 R☉
- Luminosity
- 0.0322 L☉
- Age
- 5.5 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
The TOI-2015 Planetary System
TOI-2015 c is one of 2 known planets in the TOI-2015 system. Its siblings:
- TOI-2015 b (Puffy Planet)
TOI-2015 c — Complete Data
| Mass | 8.91 Earth masses (0.028 Jupiter masses) |
|---|---|
| Orbital period | 5.58 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.041 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.000 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 448 K (175 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 6.68× Earth |
| Distance from Earth | 154.4 light-years (47.3 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Corona Borealis |
| Discovery method | Transit Timing Variations |
| Discovery facility | Multiple Observatories |
| Discovery year | 2025 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2025-03-09. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-2015 c
Is TOI-2015 c habitable?
No — TOI-2015 c orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is TOI-2015 c?
TOI-2015 c is about 154 light-years from Earth in the constellation Corona Borealis. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 2,717,440 years to get there.
How long is a year on TOI-2015 c?
One orbit around TOI-2015 takes 5.6 Earth days — short enough that 65 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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