TOI-2095 b
TOI-2095 b is a terrestrial planet orbiting the M2.5 V star TOI-2095 in the constellation Draco. It lies about 137 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2023 using the transit method.
How Big Is TOI-2095 b?
TOI-2095 b has a radius of 1.25 times that of Earth. Its mass is 4.1 times that of Earth.
Is TOI-2095 b in the Habitable Zone?
TOI-2095 b orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of TOI-2095. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of TOI-2095: 0.152–0.389 AU (conservative: 0.192–0.369 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on TOI-2095 b
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-2095 b is about 347 K (74 °C) — hotter than anywhere on Earth. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 3.43 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-2095 b — one full orbit around TOI-2095 — lasts 17.7 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.101 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun.
How Was TOI-2095 b Discovered?
TOI-2095 b was discovered in 2023 using the transit method, with observations from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is TOI-2095 b?
TOI-2095 b is 136.7 light-years (41.9 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet around the year 1890. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 2,405,920 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. TOI-2095 b scores 0.61, ranking #127 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: TOI-2095
TOI-2095
- Spectral type
- M2.5 V
- Surface temperature
- 3,759 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 0.44 M☉
- Radius
- 0.44 R☉
- Luminosity
- 0.0348 L☉
- Age
- 1.0 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
The TOI-2095 Planetary System
TOI-2095 b is one of 2 known planets in the TOI-2095 system. Its siblings:
- TOI-2095 c (Super Earth)
TOI-2095 b — Complete Data
| Radius | 1.250 Earth radii (0.112 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 4.10 Earth masses (0.013 Jupiter masses) |
| Orbital period | 17.66 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.101 AU |
| Equilibrium temperature | 347 K (74 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 3.43× Earth |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.61 |
| Distance from Earth | 136.7 light-years (41.9 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Draco |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) |
| Discovery year | 2023 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2023-08-22. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-2095 b
Is TOI-2095 b habitable?
No — TOI-2095 b orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is TOI-2095 b?
TOI-2095 b is about 137 light-years from Earth in the constellation Draco. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 2,405,920 years to get there.
How big is TOI-2095 b compared to Earth?
TOI-2095 b has 1.25 times the radius of Earth and about 4.1 times its mass.
How long is a year on TOI-2095 b?
One orbit around TOI-2095 takes 17.7 Earth days — short enough that 21 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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