TOI-2134 b
TOI-2134 b is a mini-Neptune orbiting the K5 V star TOI-2134 in the constellation Hercules. It lies about 74 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2023 using the transit method.
How Big Is TOI-2134 b?
TOI-2134 b has a radius of 2.69 times that of Earth. Its mass is 9.1 times that of Earth, giving it a density of 2.61 g/cm³ — between that of rocky and gaseous planets.
Is TOI-2134 b in the Habitable Zone?
TOI-2134 b orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of TOI-2134. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of TOI-2134: 0.349–0.860 AU (conservative: 0.443–0.815 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on TOI-2134 b
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-2134 b is about 666 K (393 °C) — hot enough to melt many metals. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 32.00 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-2134 b — one full orbit around TOI-2134 — lasts 9.23 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.078 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is mildly elliptical (eccentricity 0.06).
How Was TOI-2134 b Discovered?
TOI-2134 b was discovered in 2023 using the transit method, with observations from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is TOI-2134 b?
TOI-2134 b is 73.8 light-years (22.6 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet around the year 1953. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 1,298,880 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. TOI-2134 b scores 0.26, ranking #2,826 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: TOI-2134
TOI-2134
- Spectral type
- K5 V
- Surface temperature
- 4,580 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 0.74 M☉
- Radius
- 0.71 R☉
- Luminosity
- 0.1920 L☉
- Age
- 3.8 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
The TOI-2134 Planetary System
TOI-2134 b is one of 2 known planets in the TOI-2134 system. Its siblings:
- TOI-2134 c (Cold Gas Giant)
TOI-2134 b — Complete Data
| Radius | 2.690 Earth radii (0.240 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 9.13 Earth masses (0.029 Jupiter masses) |
| Density | 2.61 g/cm³ (Earth: 5.51) |
| Orbital period | 9.23 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.078 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.060 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 666 K (393 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 32.00× Earth |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.26 |
| Distance from Earth | 73.8 light-years (22.6 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Hercules |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) |
| Discovery year | 2023 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2023-11-28. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-2134 b
Is TOI-2134 b habitable?
No — TOI-2134 b orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is TOI-2134 b?
TOI-2134 b is about 74 light-years from Earth in the constellation Hercules. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 1,298,880 years to get there.
How big is TOI-2134 b compared to Earth?
TOI-2134 b has 2.69 times the radius of Earth and about 9.1 times its mass.
How long is a year on TOI-2134 b?
One orbit around TOI-2134 takes 9.2 Earth days — short enough that 40 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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