TOI-2134 c
TOI-2134 c is a cold gas giant orbiting the K5 V star TOI-2134 in the constellation Hercules. It lies about 74 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2023 using the transit method. It orbits within the habitable zone of its star — the region where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface.
How Big Is TOI-2134 c?
TOI-2134 c has a radius of 7.27 times that of Earth, or 0.65 times the radius of Jupiter. Its mass is 41.9 times that of Earth, giving it a density of 0.60 g/cm³ — closer to gas planets like Jupiter (1.33 g/cm³).
Is TOI-2134 c in the Habitable Zone?
TOI-2134 c orbits within the optimistic habitable zone of TOI-2134 — the broader region where liquid water might be possible under favorable atmospheric conditions.
Habitable zone of TOI-2134: 0.349–0.860 AU (conservative: 0.443–0.815 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
See the full interactive habitable-zone view in the Exoplanet Explorer app ›
Temperature on TOI-2134 c
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-2134 c is about 306 K (33 °C) — in a range broadly comparable to Earth, whose equilibrium temperature is 255 K. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 1.40 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-2134 c — one full orbit around TOI-2134 — lasts 95.5 Earth days, between the years of Mercury (88 days) and Earth (365 days). It orbits at an average distance of 0.371 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is highly elliptical (eccentricity 0.67), swinging dramatically closer to and farther from its star.
How Was TOI-2134 c Discovered?
TOI-2134 c was discovered in 2023 using the transit method, with observations from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is TOI-2134 c?
TOI-2134 c is 73.8 light-years (22.6 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet around the year 1953. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 1,298,880 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. TOI-2134 c scores 0.42, ranking #411 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: TOI-2134
TOI-2134
- Spectral type
- K5 V
- Surface temperature
- 4,580 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 0.74 M☉
- Radius
- 0.71 R☉
- Luminosity
- 0.1920 L☉
- Age
- 3.8 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
The TOI-2134 Planetary System
TOI-2134 c is one of 2 known planets in the TOI-2134 system. Its siblings:
- TOI-2134 b (Mini Neptune)
TOI-2134 c — Complete Data
| Radius | 7.270 Earth radii (0.649 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 41.89 Earth masses (0.132 Jupiter masses) |
| Density | 0.60 g/cm³ (Earth: 5.51) |
| Orbital period | 95.50 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.371 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.670 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 306 K (33 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 1.40× Earth |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.42 |
| Distance from Earth | 73.8 light-years (22.6 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Hercules |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) |
| Discovery year | 2023 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2023-11-28. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-2134 c
Is TOI-2134 c habitable?
TOI-2134 c orbits within the habitable zone of TOI-2134, the region where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface. Whether it is actually habitable depends on its atmosphere and composition, which remain unknown.
How far away is TOI-2134 c?
TOI-2134 c is about 74 light-years from Earth in the constellation Hercules. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 1,298,880 years to get there.
How big is TOI-2134 c compared to Earth?
TOI-2134 c has 7.27 times the radius of Earth and about 41.9 times its mass.
How long is a year on TOI-2134 c?
One orbit around TOI-2134 takes 95.5 Earth days.
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