TOI-2180 b
TOI-2180 b is a cold gas giant orbiting the G5 star TOI-2180 in the constellation Draco. It lies about 381 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2022 using the transit method.
How Big Is TOI-2180 b?
TOI-2180 b has a radius of 11.32 times that of Earth, or 1.01 times the radius of Jupiter. Its mass is 876 times that of Earth, giving it a density of 3.32 g/cm³ — between that of rocky and gaseous planets.
Is TOI-2180 b in the Habitable Zone?
TOI-2180 b orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of TOI-2180. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of TOI-2180: 1.203–2.841 AU (conservative: 1.524–2.693 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on TOI-2180 b
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-2180 b is about 348 K (75 °C) — hotter than anywhere on Earth. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 2.71 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-2180 b — one full orbit around TOI-2180 — lasts 260.8 Earth days, between the years of Mercury (88 days) and Earth (365 days). It orbits at an average distance of 0.828 AU — comparable to the inner Solar System. Its orbit is highly elliptical (eccentricity 0.37), swinging dramatically closer to and farther from its star.
How Was TOI-2180 b Discovered?
TOI-2180 b was discovered in 2022 using the transit method, with observations from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is TOI-2180 b?
TOI-2180 b is 380.6 light-years (116.7 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet around the year 1646. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 6,698,560 years to make the journey.
Earth Similarity Index
The Earth Similarity Index (ESI) scores how physically similar a planet is to Earth, from 0 to 1, based on radius, density, escape velocity and surface temperature. TOI-2180 b scores 0.27, ranking #2,560 of 5,568 planets with a known ESI. For reference, Mars scores about 0.70.
The Host Star: TOI-2180
TOI-2180
- Spectral type
- G5
- Surface temperature
- 5,695 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 1.11 M☉
- Radius
- 1.64 R☉
- Luminosity
- 2.5440 L☉
- Age
- 8.1 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
Planetary System
TOI-2180 b is the only planet known to orbit TOI-2180 so far.
TOI-2180 b — Complete Data
| Radius | 11.321 Earth radii (1.010 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 875.62 Earth masses (2.755 Jupiter masses) |
| Density | 3.32 g/cm³ (Earth: 5.51) |
| Orbital period | 260.79 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.828 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.368 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 348 K (75 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 2.71× Earth |
| Earth Similarity Index | 0.27 |
| Distance from Earth | 380.6 light-years (116.7 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Draco |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) |
| Discovery year | 2022 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2022-01-10. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-2180 b
Is TOI-2180 b habitable?
No — TOI-2180 b orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is TOI-2180 b?
TOI-2180 b is about 381 light-years from Earth in the constellation Draco. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 6,698,560 years to get there.
How big is TOI-2180 b compared to Earth?
TOI-2180 b has 11.32 times the radius of Earth and about 876 times its mass.
How long is a year on TOI-2180 b?
One orbit around TOI-2180 takes 260.8 Earth days.
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