TOI-2981 b
TOI-2981 b is a hot Jupiter orbiting TOI-2981 in the constellation Hydra. It lies about 1,721 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2024 using the transit method.
How Big Is TOI-2981 b?
TOI-2981 b has a radius of 13.40 times that of Earth, or 1.20 times the radius of Jupiter. Its mass is 638 times that of Earth, giving it a density of 1.46 g/cm³ — closer to gas planets like Jupiter (1.33 g/cm³).
Is TOI-2981 b in the Habitable Zone?
TOI-2981 b orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of TOI-2981. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of TOI-2981: 0.849–1.993 AU (conservative: 1.076–1.889 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
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Temperature on TOI-2981 b
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-2981 b is about 1,358 K (1,085 °C) — hot enough to melt many metals. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-2981 b — one full orbit around TOI-2981 — lasts 3.60 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.048 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is nearly circular (eccentricity 0.035).
How Was TOI-2981 b Discovered?
TOI-2981 b was discovered in 2024 using the transit method, with observations from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is TOI-2981 b?
TOI-2981 b is 1,721.4 light-years (527.8 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet about 1,721 years ago. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 30,296,640 years to make the journey.
The Host Star: TOI-2981
TOI-2981
- Surface temperature
- 5,940 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 1.03 M☉
- Radius
- 1.08 R☉
- Luminosity
- 1.3060 L☉
- Age
- 4.5 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
Planetary System
TOI-2981 b is the only planet known to orbit TOI-2981 so far.
TOI-2981 b — Complete Data
| Radius | 13.400 Earth radii (1.195 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 638.00 Earth masses (2.007 Jupiter masses) |
| Density | 1.46 g/cm³ (Earth: 5.51) |
| Orbital period | 3.60 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.048 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.035 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 1,358 K (1,085 °C) |
| Distance from Earth | 1,721.4 light-years (527.8 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Hydra |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) |
| Discovery year | 2024 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2024-10-03. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-2981 b
Is TOI-2981 b habitable?
No — TOI-2981 b orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is TOI-2981 b?
TOI-2981 b is about 1,721 light-years from Earth in the constellation Hydra. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 30,296,640 years to get there.
How big is TOI-2981 b compared to Earth?
TOI-2981 b has 13.40 times the radius of Earth and about 638 times its mass.
How long is a year on TOI-2981 b?
One orbit around TOI-2981 takes 3.6 Earth days — short enough that 101 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
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