TOI-4994 b
TOI-4994 b is a cold gas giant orbiting TOI-4994 in the constellation Octans. It lies about 1,074 light-years from Earth and was discovered in 2024 using the transit method.
How Big Is TOI-4994 b?
TOI-4994 b has a radius of 8.54 times that of Earth, or 0.76 times the radius of Jupiter. Its mass is 89.0 times that of Earth, giving it a density of 0.78 g/cm³ — closer to gas planets like Jupiter (1.33 g/cm³).
Is TOI-4994 b in the Habitable Zone?
TOI-4994 b orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone of TOI-4994. So close to its star, surface conditions are far too hot for liquid water.
Habitable zone of TOI-4994: 0.764–1.807 AU (conservative: 0.968–1.713 AU), per Kopparapu et al. (2014). Earth orbits the Sun at 1 AU.
See the full interactive habitable-zone view in the Exoplanet Explorer app ›
Temperature on TOI-4994 b
The equilibrium temperature of TOI-4994 b is about 718 K (444 °C) — hot enough to melt many metals. This estimate ignores any atmosphere, which could change surface temperatures dramatically — Earth's greenhouse effect adds about 33 °C. It receives 40.00 times the stellar energy that Earth gets from the Sun.
Orbit and Year Length
A year on TOI-4994 b — one full orbit around TOI-4994 — lasts 21.5 Earth days, shorter than Mercury's 88-day year. It orbits at an average distance of 0.152 AU — closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun. Its orbit is highly elliptical (eccentricity 0.32), swinging dramatically closer to and farther from its star.
How Was TOI-4994 b Discovered?
TOI-4994 b was discovered in 2024 using the transit method, with observations from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
The transit method watches a star for the tiny, regular dip in brightness that occurs when a planet crosses in front of it. The depth and timing of these dips reveal the planet's size and orbital period.
How Far Away Is TOI-4994 b?
TOI-4994 b is 1,074.0 light-years (329.3 parsecs) from Earth. Light arriving here tonight left the planet about 1,074 years ago. A probe traveling at the speed of Voyager 1 — about 17 km/s, the fastest outbound spacecraft ever launched — would need roughly 18,902,400 years to make the journey.
The Host Star: TOI-4994
TOI-4994
- Surface temperature
- 5,640 K (Sun: 5,772 K)
- Mass
- 1.00 M☉
- Radius
- 1.06 R☉
- Luminosity
- 1.0200 L☉
- Age
- 6.3 billion years (Sun: 4.6)
Planetary System
TOI-4994 b is the only planet known to orbit TOI-4994 so far.
TOI-4994 b — Complete Data
| Radius | 8.541 Earth radii (0.762 Jupiter radii) |
|---|---|
| Mass | 88.99 Earth masses (0.280 Jupiter masses) |
| Density | 0.78 g/cm³ (Earth: 5.51) |
| Orbital period | 21.49 days |
| Orbital distance | 0.152 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.319 |
| Equilibrium temperature | 718 K (444 °C) |
| Stellar irradiation | 40.00× Earth |
| Distance from Earth | 1,074.0 light-years (329.3 parsecs) |
| Constellation | Octans |
| Discovery method | Transit |
| Discovery facility | Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) |
| Discovery year | 2024 |
Data: NASA Exoplanet Archive, last updated 2024-12-16. Earth Similarity Index: PHL @ UPR Arecibo.
Frequently Asked Questions About TOI-4994 b
Is TOI-4994 b habitable?
No — TOI-4994 b orbits too close to its star and is too hot for liquid water to exist on its surface.
How far away is TOI-4994 b?
TOI-4994 b is about 1,074 light-years from Earth in the constellation Octans. A spacecraft traveling as fast as Voyager 1 (about 17 km/s) would need roughly 18,902,400 years to get there.
How big is TOI-4994 b compared to Earth?
TOI-4994 b has 8.54 times the radius of Earth and about 89.0 times its mass.
How long is a year on TOI-4994 b?
One orbit around TOI-4994 takes 21.5 Earth days — short enough that 17 of its years would fit into one Earth year.
Explore TOI-4994 b in the app
Browse, filter and compare 6,000+ exoplanets on iPhone, iPad and Apple Watch — with habitable-zone views, widgets and offline data.
